Sniper is a kind of military / paramilitary shooter, whose function is to maintain effective visual contact with the enemy, and contact with the target in the hidden position or distance beyond its detection ability. Snipers are usually specially trained, equipped with high-precision rifles and high magnification optics, and often feed information back to their units or headquarters.

In addition to shooting and long-range shooting, military snipers are also trained in a variety of tactical techniques: detection, tracking and target range estimation methods, camouflage, field aircraft, penetration, special reconnaissance and observation, surveillance and target acquisition.

For military units, snipers in the environment and tactics, different countries use different military theories.

In general, the main function of snipers in modern warfare is to provide detailed reconnaissance from hidden locations, and reduce the enemy's combat capability by shooting high-value targets (especially officers and other key personnel) when necessary and in the process of identifying targets and targets. Demoralize the enemy. Typical sniper tasks include managing intelligence information collected during reconnaissance and surveillance, target acquisition of air strikes and artillery, fire support and counter sniper tactics to assist employed combat forces, killing enemy commanders, selecting opportunity targets, and even destroying military force equipment. Large calibre anti materiel rifles, such as. 50 BMG, such as Barrett M82 and McMillan, are often required Tac-50 and DENEL NTW-20.

Military doctrines derived from the Soviet Union and Russia include class snipers. In the recent war in Iraq, snipers have increasingly proved useful to us and British soldiers, who have covered up infantry operations with fire support, especially in urban areas.

Military snipers from the United States, Britain and other countries adopting military theory are usually deployed in a two person sniper team composed of shooters and scouts. In order to avoid eye fatigue, it is usually used by shooter and observer in turn to avoid eye fatigue. In recent fighting operations, in large, densely populated towns, such as Fallujah in Iraq, two teams will be jointly deployed to improve their security and effectiveness. Urban environment. In close contact combat, snipers will be equipped with long-range weapons and short-range weapons.

Germany, developed during the Second World War, was basically an independent sniper and emphasized the theory of concealment, which had the greatest impact on modern sniper tactics and was currently used in the entire Western military.