Icicles are ice peaks formed when water drops from objects or when they drop.

Icicles may form in bright, clear, but below freezing weather, and when ice or snow is melted by sunlight or other heat sources, such as poorly insulated buildings, it refreezes as it drips under exposed conditions. With the passage of time, continuous water runoff will lead to the growth of the icicles. Another is that during the ice storm, when the rainfall in the air is slightly lower than the freezing point, the rain will slowly accumulate, because many small icicles hang on the branches, leaves, wires, etc. Third, icicles form where water seeps or drips from vertical surfaces, such as road cuts or cliffs. In some cases, these can slowly form the "frozen waterfall" preferred by ice climbers

Icicles are formed on surfaces that may have smooth, straight or irregular shapes, which in turn affect the shape of the icicles. Another effect is melting water, which may flow in a straight line to the icicles, or it may flow in multiple directions. Impurities in water can cause ripples on the surface of the icicles.

The icicles elongate due to the freezing of a tube suspended in a suspended droplet. The ice tube has a wall of approximately 0.1 mm (0.0039 in) and a width of 5 mm (0.20 in). As a result of this growth process, the inside of the growing icicle is liquid water. The growth of the length and width of the icicle can be calculated as a complex function of temperature, wind speed and water flux into the icicle. The growth rate of length usually changes with time and can exceed 1 cm (0.39 in) per minute under ideal conditions.

If conditions are right, icicles may also form in caves (in this case, they are also called ice stalactites). They may also form around salt water that sinks from sea ice. BBC film crews have observed near Antarctica that the so-called peat can actually kill sea urchins and starfish.

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