Malus pumila is a kind of deciduous tree in rose family. It is famous for its sweet, kernel fruit apple. It is planted as a fruit tree in the world, and it is the most widely growing species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, and its wild ancestor Malus sieversii is still found. Apple has been planted in Asia and Europe for thousands of years, and it was brought to North America by European colonists. Apple has religious and mythological significance in many cultures, including Nordic, Greek and European Christian traditions.

If it grows out of seeds, the apple tree will be big. Usually, apple varieties are propagated by grafting on rootstock, which controls the size of the final tree. There are more than 7500 known apple varieties, resulting in a series of required features. Different varieties are developed according to different tastes and uses, including cooking, eating raw food and cider production. Trees and fruits are prone to many fungal, bacterial and pest problems, which can be controlled by a variety of organic and non organic means. In 2010, the genome of fruit was sequenced as part of disease control and breeding research in apple production.

In 2014, the global apple production was 84.6 million tons, with China accounting for 48% of the total production.

Apple is a deciduous tree, usually 1.8 to 4.6 m (6 to 15 feet) high when cultivated, and 12 m (39 feet) high in the wild. In cultivation, the size, shape and branch density are determined by stock selection and pruning. The leaves alternate into simple oval dark green shapes with serrated edges and slightly fluffy underside.

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