A joystick is an input device that consists of a joystick pivoting on a base and reporting its angle or direction to the device it controls. The joystick, also known as the control column, is the main control device in the cockpit of many civil and military aircraft, which can be a central joystick or a side joystick. It usually has auxiliary switches to control all aspects of aircraft flight.

Joystick is usually used to control video games, usually with one or more buttons, whose status can also be read by the computer. A popular variant of the joystick used in modern video game consoles is the analog joystick. The joystick is also used to control machines such as cranes, trucks, autonomous underwater vehicles, wheelchairs, surveillance cameras and zero turning radius mowers. Micro finger levers have been used as input devices for small electronic devices such as mobile phones.

The joystick was originally used as a control device for the aileron and elevator of an aircraft. It was first used on the Bleriot VIII aircraft of Louis Bleriot in 1908. It was used in combination with the foot operated rudder stock for the tail yaw control surface.

The electric two axis joystick was invented by CB mirick in NRL and patented in 1926 (US Patent No. 1597416). NRL was actively developing a remote control aircraft, and the joystick could be used to support this work, mirick wrote in a patent: "my control system is particularly suitable for mobile aircraft without pilots."

Around 1944, the German developed the electric two axis joystick. The device is used as part of the funkger ä tfug 203 Kehl radio controlled transmitter system used on some German bombers to guide the rocket propelled anti-ship missile Henschel 293, as well as the unpowered advanced precision guided munition fritz-x, which is used to strike at sea and other targets. Here, the operator uses the Kehl launcher's joystick to direct the missile toward the target. The lever has a switch instead of an analog sensor. Both HS 293 and fritz-x use the fug 230stra Burg radio receiver to send Kehl's control signal to the control surface of the ordnance. The contemporary American AZON steering ammunition uses a comparable joystick device, which strictly guides the ammunition only horizontally on the yaw axis.

The German invention was made by someone in a group of scientists gathered at heersversuchsanstalt in peenem ü NDE. Here, part of the German rocket program team is developing wasserball, a variant of the V-2 rocket, the first surface to air missile. Wasserfall manipulates the device to convert electrical signals into radio signals and transmit them to missiles.

In the 1960s, the use of joysticks was widely used in radio controlled model aircraft systems, such as Kwik fly produced by Phill Kraft (1964). Kraft systems, which has now closed down, has eventually become an important OEM supplier for the computer industry and other users. The first use of joysticks outside the radio operated aircraft industry may be in the control of electric wheelchairs, such as permobil (1963). During this time, NASA used the joystick as a control device as part of the Apollo mission. For example, the lunar landing test model is controlled by a joystick.

In many modern airliners, such as all Airbus aircraft developed since the 1980s, the joystick has gained new life of flight control in the form of a "sidestick", which is similar to a game joystick but uses this kind of controller. Flight control, replacing the traditional oke. The sidebar reduces weight, improves cabin mobility and visibility, and is safer in accidents than the traditional "control yoke.".

Ralph h. Baer, inventor of the MAGNAVOX Odyssey console released in 1972, created the first video game joystick in 1967. They control the horizontal and vertical positions of the points displayed on the screen. The first electronic game joystick with fire key released by Sega is part of the arcade game missile launched by Sega in 1969. The shooting game is a simulation game, which is used as part of the early dual control scheme, in which two direction keys are used for mobile motor vehicles. The tank and two-way joystick are used to launch the missile and guide it to the face-to-face aircraft displayed on the screen; when hitting the aircraft, the screen will display the explosion animation and explosion sound. In 1970, the game was released in North America as s.a.m.i. Provided by midway games.

Taito released the four-way joystick in the video game Astro race of arcade racing in 1973, while their 1975 run and gun multi-directional shooting game western western introduced the double joystick control, one of which is used for the eight way joystick for sports, while the other is used to change the shooting direction. In North America, it was released by midway with the title gun fit. In 1976, Taito released interceptor, an early first person combat flight simulator involving pilots driving jet fighters, aiming at crosshairs with eight way joysticks and shooting at enemy aircraft.

Computer port view of Atari standard connector: 1. Up, 2. Down, 3. Left, 4. Right, 5. (pot y), [need to quote] 6. Fire button, 7. + 5 V DC, [need to quote] 8. Grounding, 9. (pot x).

The Atari standard joystick developed for the Atari 2600, released in 1977, is a digital controller with a single ignition button. For many years, the Atari joystick port has been the de facto standard digital joystick specification. Joysticks are often used as controllers in the first and second generation consoles, but in the mid-1980s Nintendo Entertainment and Sega master systems replaced familiar joysticks, although joysticks (especially arcade style ones) were once popular aftermarket add ons for any console.

In 1985, Space Harrier, Sega's third person arcade shooting game, launched a real flight simulator for sport. The joystick can record the movement in any direction and measure the pushing degree, which can move the player's character at different speeds according to the pushing distance of the joystick in a certain direction.

One of the obvious changes of the simulation control lever is the positioning gun, whose working principle is different from that of the light gun. Instead of using the light sensor, the positioning gun is essentially an analog joystick installed in a fixed position, which records the gun's position to determine the player's aiming position on the screen. It is often used in arcade shooting games, including Sega's "sea devil" in 1972; Taitung's attack in 1976; crossing the line of fire in 1977; and Nintendo's "battle shark" in 1978.

In the 1990s, PC gamers put forward requirements for the joystick of CH products, such as flightstick, gravis Phoenix, Microsoft Sidewinder, Logitech wingman and Thrustmaster FCS. They are considered prerequisites for flight simulators such as F-16 and Lhx attack choppers. With the successful application of space flight simulator games such as X-Wing and Wing Commander, as well as the "six degrees of freedom" 3D shooting game descent, joystick has become particularly popular. Unlike most flight levers, virpil controls' mongoost-50 is designed to mimic the style of Russian aircraft (including Sukhoi Su-35 and Sukhoi su-57).

However, since the beginning of the 21st century, these types of games have gradually become popular, and now they are considered as "dead" types. Therefore, the game joystick has become a niche product. In an interview with Jim Boone, producer of voice Inc., nowgamer said that the poor sales of freespace 2 may be due to poor sales of joysticks because they are "out of date" because more modern first person shooters, such as Thunderbolt, "are very much about the mouse and keyboard.". "Before that, for example, when we do descent, people usually hold the joystick - we've sold many copies of descent," he added. Around that time [] a more modern FPS with a mouse followed by a keyboard, not a keyboard like Wolfenstein [3D]. "

Since the late 1990s, analog rockers (or thumb rockers, because they are controlled by the human thumb) have become the standard configuration of video game console controllers, and have been popularized by Nintendo 64 controllers, and have the ability to indicate that the rockers deviate from their upright positions. This means that the software does not have to track the position or estimate the speed of the control's movement. These devices usually use potentiometers to locate the levers, although some new models use Hall effect sensors to improve reliability and reduce size.

In 1997, Thrustmaster, Inc. introduced a 3D programmable controller, which has been integrated into computer games to experience flight simulation. This line adapts to many aspects of NASA's RHC (rotating hand controller) and can be used for landing and navigation methods.

Arcade joystick is a large format controller for home console or computer. They use push-button configurations of some arcade cabinets, such as those with specific multi button arrangements. For example, the six button layout of the arcade "Street Fighter II" or "real quick hit" can't be easily simulated on the console, so licensed home arcade joysticks have been made for these games, which are used for home games and PCs.

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