The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is a kind of carnivorous bear. Its original range is mainly located in the Arctic Circle, including the Arctic Ocean, the surrounding ocean and the surrounding land. It is a large bear of the same size as the omnivorous Kodiak bear (Ursus arctos middendorffi). Boars (adult males) weigh about 350 – 700 kg (772 – 1543 lbs), while sows (adult females) weigh about half. Although it is a sister species of brown bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrow niche, with many of its physical characteristics adapted to cold temperatures, movements in snow, ice and open water, and seal hunting, which make up most of its diet. Although most polar bears are born on land, they spend most of their time on sea ice. Their scientific name means "sea bear", from which we can get the conclusion. Polar bears hunt their favorite seal food from the edge of the sea ice. They usually live on fat reserves without sea ice. Polar bears are classified as marine mammals because of their dependence on them. Another basis for classification as marine mammals is that they use the ocean as their main source of food.

Polar bears are classified as vulnerable because of the potential loss of habitat due to climate change, with at least three of the nineteen polar bear subspecies being reduced. For decades, large-scale hunting has drawn international attention to the future of the species, but after the controls and quotas came into effect, the population rebounded. For thousands of years, the polar bear has been the key figure in the material, spiritual and cultural life of the people around the pole, and the polar bear is still very important in its culture.